Also, a study concluded that the potential benefits of aspirin are not the same for everyone. For example, the researchers found that regular aspirin use only reduced the chances of a first heart attack for some people who had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. So, while aspirin can help prevent a first heart attack for some people, this benefit may not be widespread.
If a healthcare professional prescribes aspirin as a preventive measure, they recommend 75— mg per day. However, it is important to speak with a healthcare professional before taking this dosage. If a person forgets a dose, they should take it as soon as they remember. But if it is nearly time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular schedule.
Anyone concerned that they may have taken too much aspirin should immediately call Poison Control , at , or use its online resource. An expert will provide care instructions. For example, the National Cancer Institute notes that aspirin may have cancer-preventing properties, particularly for colorectal cancer. People with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and people aged 50—59 may benefit most from taking aspirin for this purpose.
However, the institute warns, for people aged 70 and above, a daily low dosage of aspirin may increase the likelihood of developing and dying from an advanced form of cancer. The most common side effects of aspirin include indigestion and stomach pain, and bleeding or bruising more easily. There is a higher risk of certain side effects and complications. Speaking with a healthcare professional before taking aspirin every day may be especially important for people who:.
The American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association have collaborated on the following guidance , concerning daily aspirin to prevent heart attacks:. People with this increased risk include those who have:. Our daily routines can greatly affect our risk of cardiovascular disease. Beyond taking aspirin, there are several ways to reduce the likelihood of a heart attack.
Research from , for example, highlights these approaches:. When they do, they attract platelets to their surface. Platelets are the tiny blood cells that trigger blood clotting. A clot, or thrombus, builds up on the ruptured plaque. As the clot grows, it blocks the artery. If the blockage is complete, it deprives a portion of the heart muscle of oxygen. As a result, muscle cells die — and it's a heart attack. Aspirin helps by inhibiting platelets.
Only a tiny amount is needed to inhibit all the platelets in the bloodstream; in fact, small amounts are better than high doses. But since the clot grows minute by minute, time is of the essence. To find out how aspirin works fastest, researchers in Texas asked 12 volunteers to take a standard mg dose of aspirin in three different ways: by swallowing a tablet with 4 ounces of water, by chewing the tablet for 30 seconds before swallowing it, or by drinking 4 ounces of water with Alka-Seltzer.
Each subject tried all three methods on an empty stomach on different days. The scientists monitored blood levels of aspirin and its active ingredient, salicylate, at frequent intervals, and they also measured thromboxane B2 TxB2 , an indicator of platelet activation that drops as platelets are inhibited.
By all three measurements, chewed aspirin worked fastest. Similarly, it took 14 minutes for the chewed tablet to produce maximal platelet inhibition; it took Alka-Seltzer 16 minutes and the swallowed tablet 26 minutes. Aspirin can help prevent heart attacks in people with coronary artery disease and in those who have a higher than average risk. Only low dose, usually just 1 a day, is needed.
But people who think they may be having an attack need an extra mg of aspirin, and they need it as quickly as possible. If you can't take low-dose aspirin, you may be able to take another blood thinning medicine, such as clopidogrel, instead.
Like aspirin, these medicines prevent blood clots from forming and reduce the chances of heart attack and stroke in people at high risk of them. If you have had a heart attack or stroke, or you're at high risk of either, studies have shown that the benefits of taking daily low-dose aspirin far outweigh the risk of side effects.
But if you don't have heart disease and aren't considered to be at high risk of developing it, the risk of side effects particularly the risk of bleeding outweighs the benefit of preventing blood clots.
If you have been advised by a doctor to take daily low-dose aspirin, you can also boost your health by making some key lifestyle changes. Page last reviewed: 15 November Next review due: 15 November Low-dose aspirin On this page About low-dose aspirin Key facts Who can and cannot take low-dose aspirin How and when to take it Side effects How to cope with side effects Pregnancy and breastfeeding Cautions with other medicines Common questions.
About low-dose aspirin Daily low-dose aspirin is a blood thinning medicine. Only take daily low-dose aspirin if your doctor recommends it. Help us improve our website Can you answer a quick question about your visit today?
Daily low-dose aspirin makes the blood less sticky and helps to prevent heart attacks and stroke. It's usual to take a dose of 75mg once a day. Sometimes doses may be higher. It's best to take low-dose aspirin with food so it doesn't upset your stomach. Taking low-dose aspirin isn't safe for everyone. Only take low-dose aspirin if your doctor recommends it.
Low-dose aspirin is also called by the brand names Caprin, Danamep, Micropirin and Nu-seals. Low-dose aspirin isn't suitable for certain people. Important Never give aspirin to children younger than 16, unless their doctor prescribes it. To make sure low-dose aspirin is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: an allergy to aspirin or similar painkillers such as ibuprofen ever had a stomach ulcer high blood pressure indigestion heavy periods - taking daily aspirin can make them heavier recently had a stroke low-dose aspirin isn't suitable for some types of stroke asthma or lung disease ever had a blood clotting problem liver or kidney problems gout - it can get worse if you take daily aspirin Check with your doctor that it's safe for you to take low-dose aspirin if you're pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or if you want to breastfeed.
How much should I take? Different types of low-dose aspirin tablets Low-dose aspirin comes as several different types of tablet: standard tablets - that you swallow whole with water soluble tablets - that you dissolve in a glass of water enteric coated tablets - that you swallow whole with water. These tablets have a special coating that means they may be gentler on your stomach. Do not chew or crush them because it'll stop the coating working. If you also take indigestion remedies, take them at least 2 hours before or after you take your aspirin.
The antacid in the indigestion remedy affects the way the coating on these tablets works. What if I forget to take it?
Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose. What if I take too much? Taking 1 or 2 extra tablets by accident is unlikely to be harmful.
Urgent advice: Call your doctor straight away if:. Common side effects Common side effects of aspirin happen in more than 1 in people. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if the side effects bother you or don't go away: mild indigestion bleeding more easily than normal - because aspirin thins your blood, it can sometimes make you bleed more easily.
For example, you may get nosebleeds and bruise more easily, and if you cut yourself, the bleeding may take longer than normal to stop. Serious side effects It happens rarely, but some people have serious side effects after taking low-dose aspirin. Call a doctor straight away if you get: red, blistered and peeling skin coughing up blood or blood in your pee, poo or vomit yellow skin or the whites of your eyes turn yellow - this can be a sign of liver problems painful joints in the hands and feet - this can be a sign of high levels of uric acid in the blood swollen hands or feet - this can be a sign of water retention Serious allergic reaction In rare cases, it's possible to have a serious allergic reaction to aspirin.
These aren't all the side effects of aspirin. For a full list, see the leaflet inside your medicines packet.
Information: You can report any suspected side effect using the Yellow Card safety scheme. Visit Yellow Card for further information. What to do about: mild indigestion - take your aspirin with food. Also, coated aspirin may not work as well as plain aspirin when taken at the time of a possible heart attack. Talk to your health care provider if you're concerned about ways to decrease your bleeding risk. There is a problem with information submitted for this request.
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A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. See more conditions. Daily aspirin therapy: Understand the benefits and risks. Products and services. Daily aspirin therapy: Understand the benefits and risks Daily aspirin therapy can be a lifesaving option, but it's not for everyone. By Mayo Clinic Staff. Thank you for Subscribing Our Housecall e-newsletter will keep you up-to-date on the latest health information.
Please try again. Something went wrong on our side, please try again. Show references Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease: Preventive medication. Preventive Services Task Force. Accessed Oct. Hennekens CH, et al. Aspirin for the secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Aspirin and heart disease.
American Heart Association.
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