Antibiotics are typically given within 3 weeks of the onset of cough in babies over age 1 year, and within 6 weeks of the onset of cough in infants younger than 1 year. Antibiotics are also given to pregnant women within 6 weeks of the onset of cough.
Antibiotics help to prevent the spread of infection after 5 days of treatment. Other treatment may include:. Although a vaccine has been developed against whooping cough, which is routinely given to children in their first year of life, cases of the disease still occur, especially in infants younger than age 6 months.
Since the s, a dramatic increase in the number of cases of pertussis has occurred, especially in children and teenagers, ages 10 to 19, and in babies younger than age 6 months. This is because the decline in vaccination in some communities. A DTaP shot is a combination vaccine that protects against 3 diseases: diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. The first 3 shots are given at ages 2, 4, and 6 months.
The fourth shot is given between ages 15 and 18 months; the fifth shot is given when a child enters school at ages 4 to 6 years. At their regular checkups, preteens ages 11 or 12 years should get a dose of Tdap. The Tdap booster contains tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis. Thick mucus accumulates inside your airways, causing uncontrollable coughing.
Severe and prolonged coughing attacks may:. However, many people don't develop the characteristic whoop. Sometimes, a persistent hacking cough is the only sign that an adolescent or adult has whooping cough. Infants may not cough at all. Instead, they may struggle to breathe, or they may even temporarily stop breathing.
Whooping cough is caused by a type of bacteria called Bordetella pertussis. When an infected person coughs or sneezes, tiny germ-laden droplets are sprayed into the air and breathed into the lungs of anyone who happens to be nearby. The whooping cough vaccine you receive as a child eventually wears off. This leaves most teenagers and adults susceptible to the infection during an outbreak — and there continue to be regular outbreaks. Infants who are younger than age 12 months who are unvaccinated or haven't received the full set of recommended vaccines have the highest risk for severe complications and death.
Teens and adults often recover from whooping cough with no problems. When complications occur, they tend to be side effects of the strenuous coughing, such as:. In infants — especially those under 6 months of age — complications from whooping cough are more severe and may include:.
Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Minus Related Pages. Identifying Pertussis Outbreaks. Protecting Babies To reduce the risk of pertussis in new mothers and their young babies, CDC recommends that pregnant women receive Tdap vaccine during each pregnancy. Using Antibiotics More cases of pertussis are occurring and spreading through communities. Therefore, it may not be effective for health departments to Spend a lot of time and resources looking for those exposed to pertussis extensive contact tracing Provide antibiotics to all contacts to help prevent further cases of pertussis post exposure antimicrobial prophylaxis, or PEP Antibiotics may prevent pertussis if given before symptoms begin.
Given these considerations, CDC supports targeting PEP to people At high risk of developing a serious case of pertussis, such as young babies Who will have close contact with those at high risk of developing a serious case of pertussis. Active Screening Public health officials may consider active screening for symptomatic patients with suspected pertussis during outbreaks in settings such as schools, day care centers, and hospitals. Active screening for suspected cases may: Reduce exposure to people with pertussis Encourage timely medical evaluation and treatment of cases Promote prompt administration of antibiotics to high-risk close contacts Learn more about pertussis surveillance and reporting.
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